对于由计划经济向市场经济转型的国家而言,住房领域的变迁对经济、民生的影响巨大。中东欧转型国家之一的捷克在市场化改革过程中愈发认识到,在政府管制逐渐被市场机制所取代的同时,住房市场化不能保证社会各个阶层的住房需求得到满足,中、低收入者及一些特殊群体往往在住房分配中处于劣势。住房是人生存的基本前提,是公民的基本权利。政府在市场经济环境下更应该加强干预,承担起在住房供给上的责任,尤其要保障弱势群体的住房权利。新世纪以来,捷克政府在住房政策定位上做了较大调整,其住房理念及相关措施值得学习和借鉴。 For countries that have transitioned from a planned economy to a market economy, the changes in the housing sector have a huge impact on the economy and livelihood. In the course of the market-oriented reform, the Czech Republic, one of the countries in transition in Central and Eastern Europe, has come to realize more and more that while government control is gradually replaced by market mechanisms, housing marketization can not guarantee that the housing needs of all sectors of society are met. Middle and low income earners And some special groups tend to be at a disadvantage in housing allocation. Housing is the basic premise of people’s existence, is the basic rights of citizens. In a market economy environment, the government should step up interventions and assume responsibility for providing housing. In particular, it should guarantee the housing rights of vulnerable groups. Since the new century, the Czech government has made major adjustments in its housing policy positioning. Its housing concept and related measures deserve study and reference.