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本文对辽西地区主要作物田间水平衡分量进行了估算。系统研究了4种处理对水平衡方程各分量及水分调控效果的影响。分析了不同处理的作物生长、产量反应及水分利用效率。结果表明秋翻冬灌处理的储水能力分别高于秋翻不灌、秋翻春灌及深松冬灌3个处理。秋翻冬灌可使1m褐土土体增加有效储水约100mm,占该土体总有效水的2/3,使该区主要作物足以抗御春旱和夏旱,并明显提高水分利用效率。秋翻冬灌且每隔2—3年深松1次为最好的组合措施。
This paper estimates the balance of main farmland water balance in western Liaoning. The effects of the four treatments on the components of the water balance equation and the water regulation and control effects were systematically studied. The effects of different treatments on crop growth, yield response and water use efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that the storage capacity of autumn and winter irrigation was higher than that of autumn and no irrigation, autumn and spring irrigation and deep pine and winter irrigation respectively. Autumn turning winter irrigation can make 1m cinnamon soil increase effective storage of about 100mm, accounting for 2/3 of the total effective water of the soil, so that the main crops in the area are sufficient to resist spring drought and summer drought, and significantly improve water use efficiency. Fall winter irrigation and deep pine every 2-3 years for the best combination of measures.