“或使”与“莫为”二说,是我国古代思想史上有关宇宙动力问题的两个重要命题,惜乎有关资料残缺,仅能在《庄子》、《管子》等书中看到一点残余的讨论。通过排比有关文献,可以发现“或使”说一直较受中国古代思想家关注,在《庄子》中有不少相关讨论,这一点在上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书《恒先》中也有所反映。后来向秀仍是本“或使”之说解《庄子》,但是此说有一些疑难问题难以解决;郭象于是以“莫为”之说注《庄子》。“或使”与“莫为”二说的矛盾,与康德在《纯粹理性批判》中所讲的第三个二律背反有一定相似性,表明中国古代哲学思辨达到了很高的程度。 The two important propositions about the motive force of the universe in the history of ancient Chinese thoughts are as follows: Unfortunately, the relevant information is incomplete and can only be found in such books as Zhuangzi and Guan Zi See a little residual discussion. Through the comparison of relevant literatures, we can find that “” or “make” has always been more concerned by the ancient Chinese thinkers, and there are quite a few discussions in “Zhuangzi”, which is also found in the “Chu Xian” of Chu Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Museum in Shanghai reflect. Later Xiangxiu was still the “Zhuangzi” of this book, but there were some difficult problems that could not be solved. Guo Xiang then remarked “Zhuangzi” with “Mo Weiwei”. The contradiction between “or ” and “Mo ” is similar to that of the third antinomy by Kant in Critique of Pure Reason, which shows that the philosophical speculation of ancient Chinese reached a very high level .