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目的了解大理州人群麻疹抗体水平,为消除麻疹提供科学决策依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,于2013—2015年采集14 119人血清,应用ELISA法测定血清中麻疹Ig G抗体。结果麻疹抗体阳性率为94.51%,保护率为61.87%,抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)为1 143.78 mIU/ml,不同地区GMC差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);各年龄组的GMC差异有统计学意义(P=0.001),以18~23月龄组最高,2~3岁组次之,含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)接种率与抗体阳性率、保护率均呈正相关(P<0.05);接种MCV 2剂次的人群,GMC可达到1 242.31 mIU/ml,与接种1剂次相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论大理州基本形成预防麻疹的免疫屏障,发生暴发或流行的可能性较小,但麻疹抗体保护率偏低,且存在一定的地区差异;加强麻疹抗体水平监测,及时发现免疫薄弱地区和空白人群是消除麻疹的关键。
Objective To understand the level of measles antibody in Dali people and to provide a scientific basis for eliminating measles. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to collect serum samples from 14 119 people in 2013-2015. Serum IgM antibodies were detected by ELISA. Results The positive rate of measles antibody was 94.51%, the protective rate was 61.87%, the antibody mean geometric mean concentration (GMC) was 1 143.78 mIU / ml, and there was a significant difference in GMC between different regions (P = 0.001) (P = 0.001). The vaccination rate of measles vaccine (MCV) was the highest in 18-23 months old group and followed by 2 ~ 3 years old group (P <0.001) The number of GMCs inoculated with MCV 2 doses reached 1 242.31 mIU / ml, which was statistically significant (P = 0.001) as compared with those inoculated with 1 dose. Conclusion The immune barrier to prevent measles is basically formed in Dali Prefecture, but the possibility of outbreak or epidemic is low. However, the protective rate of measles antibody is low, and there are some regional differences. To strengthen the monitoring of measles antibody level and discover the immunocompromised areas and blank populations in time Is the key to eliminating measles.