目前全国铁路上使用旧杂轨的数量相当庞大,这些旧轨不仅铺设在工业企业铁路线站线、次要线路、甚至铁路干线上也铺设不少。而且短期内还不可能全部更换。根据铁道部工务局的统计资料,旧轨一般磨耗情况不大严重,而鱼尾钣则损伤过甚,无备品供应,必需重新制造补充;鑑于原有设计图纸尚有不尽合理之处,为了保证列车正常运行更好地发挥旧轨作用,因此对旧轨鱼尾钣的改进设计是当前亟需解决的问题。旧轨鱼尾钣的改进设计,应从断面形式尺寸及强度计算两方面入手。 (一)断面形式尺寸 At present, the number of old rails used on the national railways is quite large. These old rails are not only laid on the railway lines, secondary lines, and even the railway lines of industrial enterprises. And it is not yet possible to replace them all in the short term. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Works of the Ministry of Railways, the old rails are generally not heavily abraded, while the fish tails are extremely damaged. No spare parts are available, and they must be remanufactured; in view of the unreasonableness of the original design drawings, To ensure the normal operation of the train to better play the role of the old track, the improvement of the design of the old track fish tail boom is an urgent problem to be solved. The improved design of the old rail fish tail rake should begin with the calculation of the size and strength of the section. (I) Size of section