考古学是一门从物质遗存来研究古代人类历史、生活方式以及社会变迁的学科,而生态学则关注影响人类或其他生物个体和种群外部因素的学科。考古学与生态学是在20世纪中叶才被考古学研究视为一种常规方法,其先声就是美国考古学家布雷德伍德和马克尼什分别在伊拉克和墨西哥进行的农业起源多学科研究。根据文化生态学的理论,越是原始的文化受生态环境的影响越大。因此了解古代人群的生存、技术、经济和社会结构,就必须了解他们所生活的环境。环境考古和生态物(ecofact)的收集和分析在我 Archeology is a discipline that studies the history, ways of life and social changes of ancient human beings from material remains. Ecology, on the other hand, focuses on the disciplines that affect human beings and other living entities and externalities of the population. Archeology and ecology were regarded as a common method by archaeological research until the mid-20th century. The first of these was the multi-disciplinary study of the origin of agriculture conducted by American archaeologist Bradwood and Mark Nish in Iraq and Mexico, respectively. According to the theory of cultural ecology, the more primitive culture is influenced by the ecological environment. Therefore, to understand the survival, technology, economy and social structure of ancient people, we must understand the environment in which they live. Environmental archeology and ecofact collection and analysis in me