美国页岩气革命给美国经济乃至国际能源市场带来新的活力,但页岩气开发背后巨大的环境与生态成本已经引起人们的担忧。在页岩气开发过程中主要的环境问题包括水力压裂过程中使用的压裂液,这是一种由气、油、淡水、盐水等组成的流体矿;压裂之后的废水处理;压裂造成地下水的污染;淡水资源的消耗和温室气体排放等。据报道,朗蒙特的民众自发组织了一大波反对页岩气钻井的活动,甚至发布了钻井禁令。而当地州政府官员、能源公司和行业团体却将朗蒙特及其他几个城市告上了法庭。尽管不同城市的抵制措施不同,声称拥有地下矿产开采权的能源公司将这些城市一个个 The shale gas revolution in the United States has brought new vitality to the U.S. economy and even the international energy market. However, the huge environmental and ecological costs behind shale gas development have caused people’s concern. The major environmental issues in the development of shale gas include fracturing fluid used in hydraulic fracturing, a fluid mine consisting of gas, oil, fresh water, salt water, etc. Wastewater treatment after fracturing; fracturing Resulting in groundwater pollution; consumption of freshwater resources and greenhouse gas emissions. It is reported that Longmont residents spontaneously organized a large wave of activities against shale gas drilling and even issued a drilling ban. Local state officials, energy companies and industry groups brought Longmont and several other cities to court. Although the boycott measures vary from city to city, energy companies that claim to own underground mining rights take these cities one by one