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目的掌握辖区老年人群慢性病患病状况及行为危险因素,为制定老年人群健康管理措施提供科学依据。方法分阶段随机抽样,抽取1000名辖区老年人,采用入户调查与体检相结合的方式。结果辖区老年人群慢性病患病率为68.2%,女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.381,P<0.005);女性慢性病患病率随着年龄的增长,呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.247,P<0.005);所调查慢性病前5位依次是:高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、冠心病、脑血管病,除高血脂患病率女性高于男性、冠心病患病率男性高于女性外其他没有性别差异;肥胖超重占33.9%,普遍缺乏锻炼。结论慢性病是辖区老年人的主要健康问题,危险因素主要是缺乏锻炼、肥胖超重。解决老年人的健康问题是社区卫生服务的工作重点。加强锻炼和合理饮食、倡导健康的生活方式是健康教育和健康促进的主要内容。
Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and behavioral risk factors in the elderly population in the area and provide a scientific basis for the development of health management measures for the elderly. Methods Stochastic sampling in stages, the extraction of the elderly area of 1000, using a combination of household surveys and physical examination. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases was 68.2% in the elderly population in the area and higher than that in males (χ2 = 27.381, P <0.005). The prevalence of chronic diseases increased with the increase of age, and the difference was statistically significant (Χ2 = 32.247, P <0.005). The top five chronic diseases investigated were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was higher in women than in men and in patients with coronary heart disease There was no gender difference in prevalence rates among males other than females; overweight and obese accounted for 33.9%, with a general lack of exercise. Conclusion Chronic diseases are the major health problems for the elderly in the area. The main risk factors are lack of exercise and overweight and obesity. Addressing the health problems of the elderly is the focus of community health services. Strengthening exercise and eating properly and advocating a healthy life style are the main contents of health education and health promotion.