论文部分内容阅读
目的 研究蔺草染土粉尘对工人健康的影响。方法 采用横断面整群抽样 ,对所选工厂进行劳动卫生学调查 ,并对 6 6 1名作业工人进行问卷和健康检查。结果 蔺草加工业主要引起严重的粉尘污染 ,总尘平均浓度为 2 0 .0 0mg/m3 ,呼吸性粉尘平均浓度为 8.2 2mg/m3 。车间积尘平均游离SiO2 含量为 2 5 .6 %。在作业工人中发现Ⅰ期及以上蔺草染土尘肺 9例 [其中Ⅱ期 1例 (小阴影聚集 ) ]、0 + 8例 ;X线胸片阳性 (1/0以上 )检出率为 2 .5 7%,与接尘工龄、粉尘浓度密切相关 (分别为r =1.15 6 ,P <0 .0 0 1;r =0 .10 6 ,P =0 .0 0 6 ) ;咳嗽、咯痰等症状与接触蔺草染土粉尘有趋势相关 (分别为r=0 .0 85 ,P =0 .0 2 8;r=0 .0 94,P =0 .0 16 )。结论 蔺草染土尘肺在我国首次报道 ,作业工人肺X线胸片阳性检出率与接触蔺草染土粉尘存在一定的剂量 -效应关系 ;工人咳嗽、咯痰与粉尘接触有关。蔺草染土致尘肺的机制有待于进一步调查。
Objective To study the impact of rush dust on workers’ health. Methods The cross-sectional cluster sampling was used to carry out the labor hygiene survey on the selected factories and the questionnaires and health check were conducted on 661 workers. Results Rush processing industry mainly caused serious dust pollution, the average total dust concentration of 20000mg / m3, the average concentration of respirable dust 8.22mg / m3. Workshop average dust free SiO2 content of 25.6%. Among the workers, 9 cases of stage I and above rye-soiled soil pneumoconiosis (1 in stage II (small shadow)) and 0 + 8 cases were found in working workers. The detection rate of positive (1/0) was 2 .5 7%, which is closely related to the age of service dust and dust concentration (r = 1.15 6, P <0.01; r = 0.106, P = 0.0060 respectively); cough and expectoration There was a trend related to dust and dust exposure to Rush grass (r = 0.855, P = 0.028, r = 0.94, P = 0.016, respectively). Conclusions The first report of Rush dust-soil pneumoconiosis was reported in our country. There was a certain dose-effect relationship between the positive rate of pulmonary X-ray and the dust of dust exposed by rush workers. The workers were cough, expectoration and dust exposure. Rush soil pollution caused by pneumoconiosis mechanism to be further investigated.