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目的 通过新疆缺碘地区孕妇、婴幼儿碘营养生长发育水平的研究,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法 采 用触诊法检查8-10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率,砷-铈酸消化分光光度计法测定育龄期妇女尿碘水平;应用身高、体重、头围测量 幼儿体格发育水平。结果 2004年调查了1229名8-10岁儿童甲状腺,甲状腺肿大率为16．2％;分别比1995年与1999年下 降2．67和0．77倍,从1995年到2004年年递降率为5．5％,测定的育龄妇女尿碘水平,北疆地区90例,尿碘中位数234．2μg/L, 南疆地区129例,尿碘中位数94．21μg/L,鸟鲁木齐市孕妇1084例,尿碘中位数178．42μg/L;测定的和田县4个乡16-35岁育龄 期妇女尿碘结果表明,各实验组分别高出对照组5．7、7．59、5,2和2．6倍,4个乡实验组与对照组比较均有显著差异 P<0．01; 新疆儿童智商处于中下水平,智力落后者占10．4％;实行灌溉水加碘3年后,1995年加碘组儿童身高比1992年对照组增高3 倍,郎如乡和巴格其乡儿童头围在加碘3年中,1995年比1992年增加0．14cm。结论 新疆南部地区人群碘营养水平现仍处于 很低水平,补碘对儿童体格发育有促进作用。
Objective To study the growth and development of iodine nutrition in pregnant women and infants in areas lacking iodine in Xinjiang and to provide scientific basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods The thyroid edema rate of children aged 8-10 years was examined by palpation. Urine iodine level was measured by arsenic-ceric acid digestion spectrophotometer in children of childbearing age. The height, weight and head circumference were used to measure the physical development of children. Results In 2004, 1,229 thyroid children aged 8-10 years were investigated. The goiter rate was 16.2%, which was 2.67 and 0.77 times lower than those in 1995 and 1999, respectively. The rate of descending from 1995 to 2004 Was 5.5%. The level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age was measured in 90 cases of northern Xinjiang, 234.2 μg / L of urinary iodine, 129 cases of southern Xinjiang, and 94.21 μg / L of urinary iodine 1084 pregnant women in Muxizi and median urinary iodine 178.42μg / L; the urinary iodine in women of childbearing age 16-35 in 4 townships in Hetian county showed that the experimental groups were higher than the control group 5.7, 7 .59, 5, 2 and 2.6 times. There were significant differences between experimental group and control group in 4 townships (P <0.01). Xinjiang children’s IQ was at middle and lower level, with mental retardation accounting for 10.4% Three years after the water was iodized, the height of children in iodized group in 1995 was 3 times higher than that of the control group in 1992. The head circumference of Langruoxiang and Baghdaxixiang was 3 years after iodine addition, and increased by 0.14cm in 1995 . Conclusion The level of iodine nutrition in southern Xinjiang is still at a very low level, and iodine supplementation can promote children’s physical development.