一、背景研究工艺美术运动(The Arts&Crafts Movement)是19世纪下半叶,起源于英国的一场设计改良运动,又称作艺术与手工艺运动。这场运动的理论指导是约翰·拉斯金(John Ruskin),运动主要实践人物是艺术家、诗人威廉·莫里斯(William Morris)。19世纪对英国来说是一个充满矛盾的时期。一方面英国在当时是世界上机械文明发展程度最高的地区;另一方面英 Background Study The Arts & Crafts Movement was a design improvement movement that originated in the United Kingdom in the second half of the 19th century, also known as the Arts and Crafts Movement. The theoretical guide to this movement is John Ruskin, whose main practitioner is the artist and poet William Morris. The 19th century was a period of contradictions for Britain. On the one hand, Britain was the region with the highest degree of development of mechanical civilization in the world at that time. On the other hand,