食管癌术后吻合口瘘是食管外科最常见、最严重的并发症之一,其发生率高达40.0%以上。不同于其他消化道吻合口瘘,食管吻合口瘘引起的临床症状较为严重,往往是致命性的,尤其是胸内食管吻合口瘘常引起胸腔感染、化学性肺炎,从而影响胸内负压,导致致命性呼吸、循环衰竭。因此,食管吻合口瘘比其他类型的消化道瘘更为重要,临床处理更为棘手,死亡率高。近年来,随着食管外科技术的不断改进(手术过程微创化、吻合方式及吻合器械多样化)、围手术期管 Anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy is one of the most common and serious complications of esophageal surgery, with the incidence of more than 40.0%. Unlike other gastrointestinal anastomotic fistula, esophageal anastomotic fistula caused more serious clinical symptoms, are often fatal, especially intrathoracic esophageal anastomotic fistula often cause chest infections, chemical pneumonia, thereby affecting the thoracic negative pressure, Cause fatal breathing, circulatory failure. Therefore, esophageal anastomotic fistula is more important than other types of gastrointestinal fistula, clinical treatment more difficult, high mortality. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of esophageal surgical techniques (minimally invasive surgery, anastomosis and anastomotic devices diversification), perioperative management