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基因pten是迄今为止发现的第一个具有双特异性磷酸酶活性的抑癌基因,通过负调控多种信号传导途径来调节细胞周期进展、细胞凋亡、肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭。多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是发生于B细胞分化终末阶段即浆细胞阶段的恶性肿瘤,遗传学改变被认为是MM发病的重要致病因素,抑癌基因的缺失是重要的遗传学变化。然而,目前对于pten在MM中的遗传学改变知之甚少,本文综述了pten在MM领域中的研究进展,包括pten的结构及其作用机制,以及pten与骨髓瘤问题,为治疗MM寻找新的基因靶点提供参考。
The gene pten is the first tumor suppressor gene with bispecific phosphatase activity found so far, which regulates cell cycle progression, apoptosis, tumor cell migration and invasion by negatively regulating various signal transduction pathways. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the plasma cell stage of the terminal stage of B cell differentiation. Genetic changes are considered as important pathogenesis of MM. The loss of tumor suppressor gene is an important genetic change. However, little is known about the genetic alteration of pten in MM at this time. This review summarizes the progress of pten in the field of MM, including the structure of pten and its mechanism of action, the problem of pten and myeloma, the search for new Gene targets provide a reference.