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目的了解江苏省部分地区散发戊型肝炎病例的流行特征及病毒基因型。方法在江苏省部分地区开展为期一年戊型肝炎病例监测,用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosor-dent assay,ELISA)对各医疗单位报告的急性肝炎病例进行血清学分型,对其中确诊为急性戊型肝炎病例进行流行病学分析以及戊型肝炎病毒(hepatits E virus,HEV)RNA检测和序列分析。结果男女戊型肝炎病例比例为4.4∶1,84.0%的病例集中在40岁及以上的年龄组,全年均有戊型肝炎病例发生,70.5%的病例集中在上年12月份至次年的4月份间;HEV基因分型检测结果为HEV-1型与HEV-4型,所占比例分别为5.1%、94.9%。结论江苏省戊型肝炎发病比例男性高于女性,多见于40岁以上人群,冬春季节发病较高,戊型肝炎病毒株以HEV-4型为主。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and virus genotypes of hepatitis E cases in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Methods A year-long case-control study of hepatitis E was conducted in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Serological typing of acute hepatitis reported by various medical units was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Epidemiological analyzes of acute hepatitis E and RNA detection and sequence analysis of hepatitis virus (HEV) were performed. Results Hepatitis E cases of male and female were 4.4: 1 and 84.0%. Cases of hepatitis E occurred in all patients over the age of 40 years. 70.5% of the cases were in the same period from December of the previous year to the next year In April, the genotypes of HEV were HEV-1 and HEV-4, accounting for 5.1% and 94.9% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis E in Jiangsu is higher than that in women, especially in those over 40 years old. The incidence of hepatitis E is higher in winter and spring, and HEV-4 is the major cause of hepatitis E virus.