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为合理设计大采高工作面高抽巷布置层位及抽采方案,基于大采高采动覆岩变形和裂隙发展规律的重要性,以某实际工作面覆岩分布与地质条件为原型,采用相似模拟试验方法,研究大采高工作面开采引起的覆岩变形、破坏和下沉。利用YJD-27静动态电阻应变仪数控自动巡回监测系统和Leica-TC405全站仪观测系统监测和记录试验数据。结果表明:大采高工作面垮落带发育高度约为采高的4.2倍,中部裂隙带发育高度约为采高的16倍,覆岩应变程度最明显区域为距煤层顶板约60 m位置;大采高工作面开采后,覆岩的破断、下沉,及其导致的煤层顶板裂隙的发生、发展和闭合,均有阶段性特征。
In order to rationally design the layout and drainage scheme of high drainage culverts in large mining face, based on the importance of mining strata deformation and fissure development of mining face with large mining height and taking the actual distribution of overburden strata and geological conditions as the prototype, A similar simulation test was used to study the deformation, destruction and sinking of overlying strata caused by the mining of the large mining face. The monitoring data were recorded and recorded by using the YJD-27 static and dynamic resistance strain gauges CNC automatic tour monitoring system and the Leica-TC405 total station observation system. The results show that the height of the caving zone in mining face is about 4.2 times of that of mining height and the development height of middle rift zone is about 16 times of mining height. The most obvious area of strata strain is about 60 m away from the roof of coal seam. After the mining of the big mining face, the overlying strata are broken and subsided, and the occurrence, development and closure of the cracks in the coal seam roof caused by them all have the stage characteristics.