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本文从语言学的本体出发来讨论George Lakoff(乔治·莱考夫)认知隐喻学的基本主张,通过实际语料的分析揭示了认知隐喻学在分析具体语言现象上面临的挑战,以实际语料彰显了认知隐喻学的四个主要问题:(1)忽视对于隐喻的历时分析;(2)过多沉湎于“普遍主义的认知心理模式”;(3)对隐喻形成的精神文化影响缺乏足够的重视;(4)对基于语料库的词汇证据重视不够。针对上述问题,本文提出将历史分析和语料库语言学的分析方法结合到认知隐喻学研究中,克服认知隐喻学因缺乏数据支持在历时分析和联系文化解释语言现象方面存在的局限。本文还提出基于语料库的跨语言词汇隐喻的历时研究的一些思考。
Based on the linguistic noumenon, this article discusses George Lakoff’s basic idea of cognitive metaphor. By analyzing the actual corpus, this paper reveals the challenges of cognitive metaphor in analyzing specific linguistic phenomena. Highlighting the four main problems of cognitive metaphor: (1) ignoring the diachronic analysis of metaphor; (2) excessive indulgence in the “universal cognitive psychology model”; (3) the spiritual culture formed by metaphor Lack of sufficient attention; (4) inadequate attention to corpus-based vocabulary evidence. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes to combine historical analysis and corpus linguistics into the research of cognitive metaphor to overcome the limitations of cognitive metaphor in the diachronic analysis and the cultural explanation of linguistic phenomena due to the lack of data support. This article also puts forward some thoughts on the diachronic study of corpus-based cross-language lexical metaphors.