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目的了解湖北省贫困地区婴幼儿贫血状况及其影响因素,为改善当地婴幼儿贫血状况提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段PPS抽样方法对湖北省贫困地区6~24月龄婴幼儿的看护人进行问卷调查,并检测婴幼儿血红蛋白含量。采用χ~2检验进行率之间的比较,多元Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果共调查2 675名婴幼儿,其中571人贫血,贫血检出率为21.3%。男、女贫血检出率分别为22.9%、19.5%,不同性别间检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6~11、12~17、18~24月龄婴幼儿贫血检出率分别为30.9%、20.5%、11.7%,不同月龄间贫血检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6~11月龄婴幼儿中,性别为男、出生时低体重、看护人喂养知识知晓率低于60%、家中5岁以下儿童≥2个,其贫血检出率较高(P<0.05)。12~17月龄婴幼儿中,看护人喂养知识知晓率低于60%、家中5岁以下儿童≥2个,其贫血检出率较高(P<0.05)。结论湖北省贫困地区6~24月龄婴幼儿贫血问题仍较为突出,应对不同月龄段的婴幼儿采取不同的健康教育和干预措施,以更好地促进婴幼儿健康发展。
Objective To understand the status of infant anemia in impoverished areas in Hubei Province and its influencing factors, and to provide reference for improving the anemia in infants and young children in Hubei Province. Methods A multistage PPS sampling method was used to survey the caregivers of infants aged 6-24 months in poor areas of Hubei Province and to detect the hemoglobin content in infants. Χ ~ 2 test was used to compare the rate between, multivariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors. Results A total of 2 675 infants and toddlers were investigated. Among them, 571 were anemic and the rate of anemia was 21.3%. Male and female anemia detection rates were 22.9%, 19.5%, the detection rate of different gender was significantly different (P <0.05). The detection rates of anemia at 6 ~ 11, 12 ~ 17 and 18 ~ 24 months were 30.9%, 20.5% and 11.7%, respectively. There was significant difference in the detection rate of anemia between different months (P <0.05). Among 6 to 11 months old infants, the gender was male, the birth weight was low, the awareness rate of caregiver feeding knowledge was less than 60%, and the number of children under 5 years old was higher than 2 (P <0.05) . Among 12 to 17-month-old infants and young children, awareness rate of caregivers’ feeding knowledge was less than 60% and that of children under 5 years old at home was higher than 2 (P <0.05). Conclusion The anemia of infants and young children aged 6 ~ 24 months in poor areas of Hubei Province is still outstanding. Different health education and intervention measures should be taken for infants and young children of different ages to better promote the healthy development of infants and toddlers.