传统的混凝土减水剂通常采用木质素磺酸盐、三聚氰胺及萘系甲醛制成，根据其效能可分为普通 A型（ 5％～ 18％减水率），中效 E型（ 5％～ 18％减少率 )，和高效 F型（ 12％～ 20％减水率）。上述三类均属第一代和第二代减水剂。随着聚合物化学工业的发展，用聚羧酸盐制成的第 Traditional concrete superplasticizer is usually made of lignin sulfonate, melamine and naphthalene formaldehyde, according to its effectiveness can be divided into ordinary type A (5% ~ 18% water reduction), effective E (5% ~ 18% reduction rate), and efficient F type (12% ~ 20% water reduction rate). The above three categories belong to the first generation and the second generation water-reducing agent. With the development of polymer chemical industry, polycarboxylates made of the first