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目的分析上海市黄浦区手足口病流行病学特征,为有效控制手足口病暴发流行提供相关依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对上海市黄浦区2009—2014年手足口病监测资料进行分析。结果上海市黄浦区2009—2014年手足口病报告发病2 757例,年平均发病率为49.52/10万,呈上升趋势。2009—2014年每月均有手足口病发生,呈现春末夏初和秋季双峰形态。手足口病发病人群以6岁以下儿童为主,占90.93%。男性发病率为63.02/10万,女性发病率为39.15/10万,男女之比为1.61∶1;不同性别之间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。职业分布中以幼托儿童(1 339例)和散居儿童(1 168例)发病居多,分别占48.57%和42.36%;不同职业发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.99,P<0.01)。结论手足口病是该区重点防控的传染病,应加强疫情的监测和控制,防止其暴发流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Huangpu District of Shanghai and provide relevant evidence for controlling the outbreak of HFMD. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data of hand-foot-mouth disease from 2009 to 2014 in Huangpu District of Shanghai. Results The incidence of HFMD in 2009-2004 in Huangpu District of Shanghai Municipality was 2,757, with an average annual incidence of 49.52 / 100 000, showing an upward trend. Hand-foot-mouth disease occurs every month from 2009 to 2014, presenting a bimodal pattern in late spring, early summer and autumn. Hand, foot and mouth disease incidence in children under 6 years of age, accounting for 90.93%. The incidence of males was 63.02 / lakh and the incidence rate of females was 39.15 / lakh. The ratio of male to female was 1.61: 1. There was significant difference in the incidence of different sex (P <0.01). Occupational distribution included children with child care (1 339 cases) and children with diaspora (1 168 cases), accounting for 48.57% and 42.36% respectively. The incidence of different occupations was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 15.99, P <0.01 ). Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease is the key infectious disease in the area. Monitoring and control of the epidemic should be strengthened to prevent its outbreak.