沭阳县农村老年人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

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目的探讨沭阳县农村老年人慢性肾脏病(CKD)的患病率及危险因素。方法随机抽取江苏省沭阳县农村≥65岁的常住居民健康体检者6000例,对肾脏损伤指标及相关危险因素进行分析。结果在6000例资料完整的调查对象中,CKD的发生率为11.2%;对该疾病的知晓率为5.5%,认知率为3.2%,治疗率为2.1%。CKD最多见的表现形式是血尿和蛋白尿,多因素logistic回归提示,年龄、吸烟、体质量指数、血压、血糖和血尿酸是CKD的危险因素。结论沭阳县农村老年人CKD患病率较高,但未引起人们的注意,知晓率和治疗率较低,随着人口的老龄化和生活方式的改变,CKD的患病率仍有可能攀升,因此,应加强CKD的筛查和预防,开展CKD的健康教育,有针对性地采取干预措施,以提高CKD的防治水平。 Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rural elderly in Shuyang County. Methods A total of 6000 healthy subjects aged ≥ 65 years in Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province, were selected randomly to analyze the indexes of kidney injury and related risk factors. Results Of 6000 informative subjects, the incidence of CKD was 11.2%. The awareness rate of the disease was 5.5%. The recognition rate was 3.2% and the treatment rate was 2.1%. The most common manifestations of CKD were hematuria and proteinuria. Multivariate logistic regression suggested that age, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, blood sugar and serum uric acid were risk factors for CKD. Conclusion The prevalence of CKD in rural elderly in Shuyang County is high, but it has not drawn the attention of the people. The awareness rate and treatment rate are low. With the population aging and lifestyle change, the prevalence of CKD is still likely to rise. Therefore, screening and prevention of CKD should be strengthened, health education of CKD should be carried out, and intervention measures should be taken in order to improve the prevention and treatment of CKD.
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