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一、与活泼金属反应,把羟基中的氢置换出来例1.A、B、c三种醇同足量的金属钠完全反应,在相同条件下产生相同体积的氢气,消耗这三种醇的物质的量之比为3:6:2,则A、B、c三种醇分子里羟基数之比为()。A.3:2:1 B.2:6:3 C.3:1:2 D.2:1:3解析:设A、B、C三种醇分子的羟基数分别为a、b、c,因三种醇与足量钠完全反应产生相同体积的氢气,所以3a:6b=2c,即a:b:c=2:1:3,所以选D。二、氧化反应1.燃烧例2.一定量的乙醇在氧气不足的条件下燃烧生成CO、
First, the reaction with lively metals, the hydrogen in the hydroxyl exchange Example 1. A, B, c three kinds of alcohol with a sufficient amount of sodium metal completely reacted under the same conditions to produce the same volume of hydrogen consumption of these three alcohols The ratio of the amount of material is 3: 6: 2, then A, B, c alcohol molecules in the hydroxyl number ratio (). A.3: 2: 1 B.2: 6: 3 C.3: 1: 2 D.2: 1: 3 Analysis: Let A, B, C three hydroxyl alcohol molecules were a, b, c , Because the three alcohols fully reacted with sufficient sodium to produce the same volume of hydrogen, so 3a: 6b = 2c, that is a: b: c = 2: 1: 3, Second, the oxidation reaction 1. Burning Example 2. A certain amount of ethanol combustion in the oxygen generated under conditions of CO,