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“任何”的隐现极性特征不仅与它本身的任选义相关,而且与事件发生的先验累计概率相关。当“任何”用于指类句和或然情态句等内涵语境时,它不显现极性特征。当“任何”用于表示事物的存在和情节句等存在封闭性语境时,它显现出负极词的特征。“任何”能扩大它所修饰的普通名词指代的选项域。由于选项域的大小与例外事件发生的先验累计概率构成单调递加的函数关系,所以说话人可以用扩域手法突出命题所述事件发生的概率极小,使命题传递梯级含义和极大的信息量。
The implicit polarity characteristic of “” is not only related to its own definition of justification, but also to the prior cumulative probability of an event. When “any ” is used to refer to connotations such as clauses and contingent sentences, it does not exhibit polar features. When “any ” is used to denote the presence of things and episodic sentences and so on, there is a closed-end context, which shows the characteristics of negative words. “Any ” expands the options field that it modifies the generic nouns. Since the size of the option field and the a priori cumulative probability of exception events constitute a monotonically increasing function, the speaker can use the augmented-domain approach to highlight the probability of the occurrence of the said event as extremely small as possible, Amount of information.