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应用时间序列的理论和分析方法，对湖南省湘江湘潭站化学耗氧量浓度年均值序列中隐含的暂态成分进行了分析，探讨了暂态成分的互存关系。实例计算表明：文中所应用的方法对识别人为或自然因素引起的水质时间序中的暂态成分和预测河流水质变化具有实际意义。
The time series of theoretical and analytical methods were used to analyze the transient components hidden in the annual mean of chemical oxygen demand in the Xiangjiang River in Hunan Province. The example calculation shows that the method applied in this paper has practical significance for identifying transient components in water quality time series caused by human or natural factors and predicting river water quality changes.