对“大数据”进行收集和分析的设想,最早来自于世界著名的管理咨询公司麦肯锡公司,麦肯锡在2011年的报告中指出,数据已经渗透到当今每一个行业和业务职能领域,成为重要的生产因素。2012年3月,奥巴马宣布美国政府投资2亿美元启动“大数据研究和发展计划”;2012年5月29日联合国推出“数据脉动”计划。为此,英国牛津大学教授维克托·迈尔·舍恩 The idea of ​​collecting and analyzing Big Data came from McKinsey & Company, a world-renowned management consultancy. In its 2011 report, McKinsey pointed out that data has infiltrated every area of ​​the industry and business functions today and becomes an important Production factors. In March 2012, Obama announced that the U.S. government will invest 200 million U.S. dollars to launch the “Big Data Research and Development Program.” On May 29, 2012, the United Nations launched the “Data Pulse” program. For this purpose, Victor Meyer Schoen, a professor at the University of Oxford, UK