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刘熙载的词体正变观是支撑其词学的重要理念,与其诗文正变观可互相发明,堪称历代立‘纵’尊‘横’类词体正变观的集大成之论。最具独创性及影响力的宗旨是以词体纵向正源《诗》、《骚》的悲世、宏雅特征为依据,将词横向正体特征定位为声情悲壮,以契合于纵向正宗;从而颠覆仅尊婉约为正体的词学传统,利用纵向正源在国学中的至尊地位,实现了最大限度的尊体。而据此宗旨建构的阴阳正变说,又能通过对刚柔二脉词统正变离合关系的阐释,彰显出对词史的创见及对刚柔正变的辩证认识。因此,把握这一宗旨,有助于揭示刘熙载词学的特色及得失,在相关研究中存在的不少争议及误读也能迎刃而解。
Liu Xizai’s positive change in the style of the Ci is an important concept that supports its Ci-Ci study. Instead of changing his poetry and writing, he is able to invent each other. The most original and influential purpose is to locate the transversal orthographic features as tragic and strong according to the tragic and grandiose features of Zhengyuan “Poem” and “Sao” Thus subverting the tradition of Ci-poetry, which is only respectful and graceful, takes advantage of the supreme status of orthodoxy in Chinese learning to realize the utmost respect. According to this purpose, the positive and negative yin and yang constructions, which are constructed according to the purpose, can also demonstrate the originality of Ci history and the dialectical understanding of the rigidity and softness through the interpretation of the relation between the rigid and the rhesus veins. Therefore, grasping this purpose helps to reveal the characteristics and gains and losses of Ci study of Liu Xizi, and many controversies and misinterpretations in related studies can be solved.