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目的通过分析煤矿接尘工人的健康状况,探讨粉尘对心血管系统的影响,为及时发现职业健康损害提供科学依据。方法对2013—2014年江苏省大屯煤矿5 167名男性粉尘接触者进行职业健康检查,按工种、年龄、接尘工龄分类,对其体重指数(BMI)、血压、血糖、血脂、心电图检查结果进行分析与评价。结果共调查5 167名粉尘接触工人,异常检出率较高的有偏胖(41.40%)、血压读数高(25.84%)、甘油三脂增高(33.44%)、总胆固醇增高(12.56%)及窦性心内过缓(11.84%)。年龄≥40岁组的心血管疾病异常检出率明显高于≤40岁组(P<0.05)。接尘工龄≥20 a组的心血管疾病异常检出率明显高于≤20 a组(P<0.05)。随着年龄和接尘工龄的升高,BMI值相应增加,与心血管疾病的发生率呈正相关。结论粉尘接触工人心血管异常的检出率随着年龄和接尘工龄的增加而增高,对健康的危害严重。
Objective To analyze the influence of dust on the cardiovascular system by analyzing the health status of dust collectors in coal mines and provide a scientific basis for timely detection of occupational health damage. Methods Occupational health examinations were conducted on 5,167 male dust contact persons in Datun Coalmine, Jiangsu Province during 2013-2014. The BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, ECG test results For analysis and evaluation. Results A total of 5 167 dust-exposed workers were surveyed. The average prevalence of overweight was 41.40%, high blood pressure reading was 25.84%, triglyceride was increased (33.44%), total cholesterol was increased (12.56%) and Sinus bradycardia (11.84%). The detection rate of abnormal cardiovascular disease in patients aged 40 years and older was significantly higher than those in ≤40 years old (P <0.05). The detection rate of abnormal cardiovascular disease in workers aged ≥ 20 years with dust exposure was significantly higher than those in ≤20 a (P <0.05). With age and the age of dust-pick-up, BMI increased correspondingly, which was positively correlated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion The detection rate of cardiovascular abnormalities in workers exposed to dust increases with the increase of age and the age of dust-pick-up, which seriously damages the health.