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直到第二次世界大战才了解病毒性肝炎是一种常见病。根据流行病学的材料,认为有两种不同型的病毒性肝炎:甲型肝炎或传染性肝炎,经口传染,潜伏期短(15～45天);乙型肝炎,或血清性肝炎,由胃肠外途经引起,潜伏期长(50～180天)。最近研究指出,(1) 其它传染病可类似肝炎(细胞巨病毒、EB病毒、弓浆虫病、传染性单核细胞增多症);(2) 甲型和乙型肝炎均可经口或胃肠外途经传染;(3) 至少还有另一种病毒性肝炎的病因(“丙型”肝炎),此型肝炎的潜伏期介于甲型与乙型肝炎之间。过去十年,由于鉴定这些肝炎的免疫学方法的发展,取得了这些成就。但至今
It was not until World War II that viral hepatitis was a common disease. According to epidemiological data, there are two different types of viral hepatitis considered: Hepatitis A or Hepatitis C, which is orally transmitted and has a short incubation period (15-45 days); Hepatitis B or Serum Hepatitis, Extraintestinal transit caused by a long incubation period (50 to 180 days). Recent studies indicate that (1) other infectious diseases can be similar to hepatitis (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, toxoplasmosis, infectious mononucleosis); (2) both hepatitis A and B can be oral or stomach (3) There is at least one other etiologic cause of viral hepatitis (“hepatitis C”), which has a latent period between Type A and Type B hepatitis. In the past decade, these achievements have been made thanks to the development of immunological methods to identify these hepatitis. But so far