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目的通过薄层液基细胞学(LCT)检查方法,比较新疆地区维吾尔族(维族)、汉族妇女宫颈病变发病情况。方法对新疆自治区人民医院妇产科就诊的11 841例汉族、维族及其他少数民族妇女进行宫颈液基细胞学检查,对阳性(≥ASCUS)结果进行阴道镜及病理检查,并对各年龄组进行比较分析。结果经液基细胞学检查,在结果≥ASCUS的患者中,汉族为1 402(23.63%)例,其中ASCUS:1 341(22.60%)例、ASC-H:10(0.17%)例、LSIL:34(0.57%)例、HSIL:10(0.17%)例、SCC/AC:7(0.12%)例。维族:1 470(27.89%)例,分别为1 375(26.09%)例、11(0.21%)例、48(0.91%)例、22(0.42%)例、14(0.27%)例。阴道镜下取活组织检查,病理学符合率分别为ASCUS:76.32%、ASC-H:66.67%、LSIL(CINⅠ):84.88%、HSIL(CINⅡ-Ⅲ):87.88%、SCC/AC:100%。在年龄组分布中,汉族和维族在≥41岁组中宫颈病变的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加,维族在<40岁组中阳性检出率较汉族妇女高,60岁前维族和汉族阳性检出率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),在结果≥CINⅠ组的比较中,汉族和维族阳性检出率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论新疆宫颈癌发病率在维族和汉族妇女中存在明显的民族差异,开展液基细胞学检查,对检出宫颈病变具有重要意义。
Objective To compare the incidence of cervical lesions among Uighur (Uygur) and Han nationality women in Xinjiang by thin-liquid-based cytology (LCT). Methods A total of 11 841 Han, Uygur and other ethnic women from the obstetrics and gynecology department of the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region underwent cervical liquid-based cytology. Colposcopy and pathological examination were performed on positive (≥ASCUS) results and were performed on all age groups comparative analysis. Results Among the patients with ≥ASCUS, there were 1 402 (23.63%) cases of ASCUS: 1 341 (22.60%), ASC-H 10 (0.17%), LSIL: 34 (0.57%) cases, HSIL: 10 (0.17%) cases and SCC / AC: 7 (0.12%) cases. Uighurs: 1 470 (27.89%) cases were 1 375 (26.09%) cases, 11 (0.21%) cases, 48 (0.91%) cases, 22 (0.42%) cases and 14 (0.27%) cases, respectively. Colposcopy and biopsy showed that the pathological coincidence rates were ASCUS: 76.32%, ASC-H: 66.67%, LSIL: 84.88%, HSIL: 87.88%, SCC / AC: . In the distribution of age group, the prevalence of cervical lesions in Han and Uygur nationality groups aged ≥41 years increased with the increasing of age, and the positive rate of Uygur in higher than 40 years old group was higher than that in Han women. Uygur and Han nationality (P <0.01). The positive detection rate of Han and Uighurs in the group of ≥CINⅠ results was significantly different (P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of cervical cancer in Xinjiang Uygur and Han women have obvious ethnic differences, to carry out liquid-based cytology, detection of cervical lesions of great significance.