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目的了解1953—2007年方城县流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行特点和趋势,为制定预防控制策略、科学开展防治工作提供依据。方法对历年的疫情资料用Excel建立数据库,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 1953—2007年方城县累计报告乙脑2 042例,死亡248例,发病率在(0～28.73)/10万,年平均发病率为5.08/10万,病死率为12.14%;发病呈明显夏秋季高峰,0～9岁儿童占73.62%,职业以散居儿童和学生为主,占80.95%。结论以开展儿童预防接种为主,重视防蚊、灭蚊,加大监测力度,是控制乙脑发生的重要措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trend of Japanese encephalitis (JE) epidemic in Fangcheng County from 1953 to 2007, and to provide basis for developing prevention and control strategies and carrying out prevention and control work scientifically. Methods The database of epidemic situation data was established by Excel in the past years and the descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out. Results A total of 2 042 cases of JE were reported in Fangcheng County from 1953 to 2007, with 248 deaths, the incidence rate was (0-28.73) / 100 000, the annual average incidence was 5.08 / 100 000 and the case fatality rate was 12.14%. The incidence was Significant summer and autumn peaks, 0 to 9 years old children accounted for 73.62%, occupations to scattered children and students, accounting for 80.95%. Conclusions The main measures to prevent the occurrence of JE are to carry out the vaccination of children, pay attention to mosquito control, mosquito control and increase monitoring efforts.