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模型试验是较为准确预测尾矿型泥石流危害影响范围的研究手段。以四川盐源平川铁矿58号尾矿库为研究原型,应用相似试验原理建立该库的试验模型,进行全溃坝试验。试验中冲击压力在断面1达到峰值21 kPa;泥深呈周期性变化在断面2达到最大值5.8 cm,流速随泥石流演进长度不断减小,在断面1出现最大流速1.7 m/s。试验结果表明,溃坝泥石流的冲击压力、泥深和流速在运动过程中先快速到达峰值,然后逐渐减小,而泥深的变化呈现一定的波动性。各断面冲击压力、泥深和流速的峰值出现的时间并不相同,其出现先后与流通地形有很大关联。
The model test is a research method to predict the impact range of tailing debris flow more accurately. Taking the prototype No. 58 tailings of Pingchuan Iron Mine in Sichuan Province as the research prototype, the test model of the reservoir was established based on the principle of similar tests, and the full dam test was carried out. In the experiment, the impact pressure reaches 21 kPa peak in section 1; the mud depth changes cyclically to 5.8 cm in section 2; the flow velocity decreases with the evolution of debris flow and the maximum flow velocity is 1.7 m / s in section 1. The test results show that the impact pressure, mud depth and flow velocity of the mudslides flow rapidly reach the peak value first and then decrease gradually, while the mud depth changes to a certain extent. Each section of the impact pressure, mud depth and velocity of the peak appears time is not the same, its appearance and circulation terrain has a great relationship.