本文概述了国家扶持人口较少民族的政策,以内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗的鄂伦春族为例,内蒙古自治区出台了一系列扶持区内人口较少民族的政策,使鄂伦春族地区的基础建设不断完善,人民生活水平显著提高;但输血式的扶持政策也反映出问题不足,使被扶持对象对扶持政策的依赖性大于参与的积极性等问题。针对这些不足,提出应该重视传统文化的保护与发展,调动被扶持者的参与性。 This article outlines the policy of the state to support the less populous ethnic population. Taking the Oroqen Autonomous Banner of Inner Mongolia as an example, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has promulgated a series of policies to support the less populated ethnic groups in the area so that the basic construction of Oroqen in the region will be continuously improved. The people Living standards increased significantly. However, the blood transfusion support policies also reflected the problems and the problems that the target recipients were more dependent on the supportive policies than the enthusiasm of participation. In response to these problems, it is suggested that the protection and development of traditional culture should be emphasized and the participation of those who are supported should be mobilized.