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目的探讨影响新疆维吾尔族农村妇女宫颈癌患者社会心理健康的高危因素。方法选取2014年3月至2016年12月间新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的300例南疆地区癌前期病变及宫颈癌患者为观察组,另选取同期300例健康体检妇女为对照组,通过调查资料及病例总结,对比两组人员心理健康状况及高危因素。结果观察组患者高中及大专、大学学历比例较对照组低,初中及以下学历比例高;脑力劳动及轻体力劳动人员比例较低,重体力劳动人员比例较高,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧、敌对、偏执、精神病性及其他评分均较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者多位性伴侣、多子女数、早产、早孕人员较对照组比例高,主观支持、客观支持和支持利用度低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。劳动程度、学历、多位性伴侣、多子女数、早产、早孕、主观支持、客观支持和支持利用度均为影响宫颈癌患者的社会心理健康因素。结论新疆维吾尔族农村妇女宫颈癌患者社会心理健康情况较差,受多种因素的影响。临床工作者需加强对宫颈癌患者有效的心理疏导,改善患者的社会心理健康状况。
Objective To explore the high risk factors that affect the social and psychological health of cervical cancer in Uighur rural women in Xinjiang. Methods 300 cases of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in southern Xinjiang from March 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the observation group and 300 healthy women in the same period were selected as the control group. And case summary, comparing the two groups of mental health status and risk factors. Results In the observation group, the educational attainment of junior high and junior college students was lower than that of the control group, with a high proportion of junior high school and below; the proportion of mental laborers and light manual laborers was lower and the proportion of heavy manual laborers was higher. There was statistical difference between the two groups Significance (both P <0.05). Patients in the observation group had higher scores of somatization, coercion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, fear, hostility, paranoidness, psychosis and other scores than those in the control group (all P <0.05). The number of multiple sexual partners, multiple children, the proportion of premature delivery and early pregnancy in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the subjective support, objective support and supportive utilization were both lower (all P <0.05). Degree of labor, education, number of sexual partners, number of children, premature birth, early pregnancy, subjective support, objective support and utilization are the factors that affect the psychosocial health of patients with cervical cancer. Conclusion The social psychological health status of cervical cancer in rural Uighur rural women is poor and affected by many factors. Clinicians need to strengthen the effective psychological counseling of cervical cancer patients to improve the patient’s social and mental health status.