对学生的习题错解进行深入分析,有助于及时发现教与学过程中的不足并完善,促进教学相长。本文通过对一道“光的折射”习题的学生作答情况进行剖析,发现错解类型主要分为理解未深入、迁移存障碍、审题不仔细和表达欠规范这几种,且分析每种情况的成因,然后提出相应的教学启示,以期增益师“教”生“学”。 In-depth analysis of students’ misunderstandings will help to find out deficiencies in teaching and learning in a timely manner and improve them, so as to promote the long-term teaching. This article analyzes the answers to the students’ reflections of a “refraction of light”, and finds that the types of misunderstandings are mainly divided into several kinds, such as not understanding deeply, migrating obstacles, not carefully examining questions and expressing irregularities, and analyzing each situation The reason, and then put forward the corresponding teaching enlightenment, in order to gain teacher “teaching ” students “learning ”.