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有证据表明ＢＤＮＦ在脑缺血的保护中起重要作用。ＢＤＮＦ保护缺血引起的神经细胞损伤的机制为：（１）稳定细胞内钙离子水平，减少兴奋性氨基酸引起的损伤；（２）拮抗ＮＯ介导的细胞毒作用；（３）调节自由基代谢；（４）对损伤神经元具有修复作用。
There is evidence that BDNF plays an important role in the protection of cerebral ischemia. The mechanism by which BDNF protects ischemia-induced neuronal injury is to: (1) stabilize intracellular calcium levels and reduce damage caused by excitatory amino acids; (2) antagonize NO-mediated cytotoxicity; (3) regulate free radical metabolism ; (4) repair of injured neurons.