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目的探讨椎基底动脉扩张延长症(VBD)的临床和影像学特点。方法回顾性分析2013年11月—2014年11月诊断为VBD的28例患者临床表现、实验室检查、影像学特点。结果 28例患者男19例,女9例,年龄38~87(61.5±10.1)岁,症状性VBD患者12例(42.9%),非症状性16例(57.1%)。症状性VBD主要表现为后循环脑梗死、脑出血,颅神经症状以及脑干受压症状;有症状VBD患者头颅MR的椎基底动脉液体衰减反转恢复序列相血管高信号较无症状VBD患者发生率高(75.0%vs.43.8%,x2=5.471,P<0.05),且信号强度更高[(2.1±0.2)级vs.(1.3±0.3)级,t=2.480,P<0.05]。结论 VBD患者临床表现多样,诊断依靠影像学表现,临床医师应提高对该病的认识。
Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of vertebrobasilar dilatation (VBD). Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and imaging features of 28 patients diagnosed with VBD from November 2013 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 19 males and 9 females in 28 cases, ranging in age from 38 to 87 (61.5 ± 10.1) years. Twelve (42.9%) were symptomatic VBD and 16 (57.1%) were non-symptomatic. Symptomatic VBD mainly manifested as posterior circulation infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cranial nerve symptoms and symptoms of brainstem compression; VBD patients with vertebrobasilar MR fluid attenuation reversal recovery phase sequence of high blood pressure than asymptomatic VBD patients (75.0% vs.43.8%, x2 = 5.471, P <0.05), and the signal intensity was higher [(2.1 ± 0.2) vs. (1.3 ± 0.3), t = 2.480, P <0.05]. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of patients with VBD are diverse, the diagnosis depends on the imaging findings, clinicians should raise awareness of the disease.