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目的研究肥胖对儿童血糖、血脂和血压的影响。方法回顾性分析2015年3月至2016年2月该院收治的147例代谢综合征患儿的临床资料,依据患儿肥胖情况分为肥胖组(n=79)、非肥胖组(n=68)。肥胖组又分为外周型肥胖组(n=9)、中心型肥胖组(n=24)、复合型肥胖组(n=46)。比较4组患儿的代谢综合征类型、心血管危险因素情况,分析肥胖类型对儿童代谢综合征罹患风险的预测价值。结果高血压和高三酰甘油(TG)血症发生率均是复合型肥胖组患儿最高,外周型肥胖组患儿最低,中心型肥胖组患儿居中。4组患儿的体质量指数(BMI)、腰围身高比、舒张压、收缩压、空腹血糖、TG、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着肥胖程度的增加,患儿的血压、空腹血糖、LDL-C、TG水平逐渐升高,HDL-C水平逐渐降低(P<0.05)。由外周型肥胖到复合型肥胖,高血压和血脂异常的患病率逐渐升高(P<0.05)。复合型肥胖组患儿和中心型肥胖组患儿发生一种危险因素的风险分别是非肥胖组患儿的10.81和3.65倍。结论随着肥胖类型的变化儿童代谢综合征危险因素水平和聚集风险逐渐升高,复合型肥胖儿童最高,外周型肥胖组儿童最低,中心型肥胖组儿童居中。
Objective To study the effects of obesity on blood sugar, blood lipid and blood pressure in children. Methods The clinical data of 147 patients with metabolic syndrome admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the obesity status of children, obesity group (n = 79) and non-obese group (n = 68) ). The obese group was further divided into peripheral obesity group (n = 9), central obesity group (n = 24), and complex obesity group (n = 46). Metabolic syndrome types and cardiovascular risk factors in four groups were compared, and the predictive value of obesity type in children with metabolic syndrome risk was analyzed. Results The incidence of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia were the highest in children with combined obesity group, the lowest in peripheral obesity group and the middle in obese group. The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference ratio, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL -C) difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). With the increase of obesity, the blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, LDL-C, TG level gradually increased, HDL-C level decreased (P <0.05). The prevalence increased from peripheral obesity to combined obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia (P <0.05). The risk of developing a risk factor in children with obesity and in the obesity group was 10.81 and 3.65 times higher than those in the non-obese group, respectively. Conclusion With the change of obesity type, risk factors and risk of metabolic syndrome in children gradually increase, the highest in compound obese children, the lowest in peripheral obesity children and the middle in obese children.