本文综合介绍了在我国农村小型水电站建设中,直流电源和交流电源的使用情况,自动化控制设备的设置和使用情况,小型水轮发电机励磁系统的设置和性能比较,并据此提出如何合理设置小型水电站的操作和保护电源、电气自动化控制设备和小型水轮发电机励磁系统的选择,在保证小型水电站安全可靠运行的前提下尽量简化这些设备的设置,以降低小水电的造价。 This article comprehensively introduces the use of DC power supply and AC power supply in the construction of rural small hydropower stations in China, the setting and use of automation control equipment, and the comparison of the setting and performance of the excitation system of small hydroelectric generators. The selection of the excitation and protection power supply for small hydropower stations, electrical automation control equipment and excitation system for small hydroelectric generators will simplify the installation of these equipments as much as possible to ensure the safe and reliable operation of small hydropower plants, so as to reduce the cost of small hydropower plants.