本文通过对清末民初士大夫恽毓鼎日记的解读,分析了在近代最初开放时期守旧人士的多面性。指出他在其内在思想世界是固守传统价值理念的保守人物,而在文化生活世界则是一位虽钟情于旧学,但也喜欢汲取新知识、参与新文化活动的亦旧亦新的文化人。这种知识结构和文化生活方式的新旧交织,使他与时代的趋新变化具有一定的重合及包容度,展示了这一时期所谓守旧势力,也有其与新势力相互调和呼应的层面。他在西学涌入、新旧交替的时代剧变中,力图以旧道德与新知识的结合来平衡中学与西学、旧学与新学、安心与应世的矛盾,以旧道德来安置心灵,以新知识来应付世变,反映了一位信守传统文化理念的文化人,在西方文化冲击下的应对方式。同时也造成了他道德与知识的撕裂,这是身处那个剧变与过渡时代的文化人普遍面对的文化困境。 This article analyzes the diary of late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China in the early days of the Republic of China, and analyzes the multifaceted nature of the conservatives in the early days of modern China. He points out that in his inner world of thought he is a conservative person who sticks to the traditional value concept while in the cultural life world he is also an old and new cultural person who is passionate about old school but also enjoys new knowledge and participation in new cultural activities . This new structure of knowledge and the interweaving of cultural lifestyles have brought him some coincidence and tolerance with the trend changes of the times, demonstrating the so-called conservative forces during this period as well as its level of interaction with the new forces. In the vicissitudes of the influx of Western learning and the alternation of old and new, he sought to balance the contradictions between high school and Western learning, old learning and new learning, peace of mind and coping with old morals and new knowledge, Knowledge to cope with the changes in the world, reflecting a culture of traditional people keep the concept of culture, under the impact of Western culture coping style. At the same time, he also caused the tearing of his morality and knowledge. This is a cultural predicament commonly encountered by cultural people living in that period of change and transition.