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目的了解广州市儿童六龄齿免费窝沟封闭项目开展2~3年后10~12岁儿童口腔健康行为状况,为制定口腔健康工作重点提供信息支持。方法于2014年9月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市12个区(县级市)149所小学19 071名五、六年级学生进行口腔健康行为问卷调查。结果 60.3%的儿童每天刷牙2次及以上;33.2%的儿童报告听说过含氟牙膏,其中目前使用含氟牙膏者占44.73%;27.11%的儿童使用过牙线;71.50%的儿童接受过窝沟封闭预防龋齿治疗;30.97%的儿童过去1年内拜访过牙医。城区儿童每天刷牙2次及以上、使用牙线、接受窝沟封闭、过去1年内拜访过牙医的报告率均高于乡村儿童,乡村儿童使用含氟牙膏报告率高于城区儿童(P值均<0.01)。城乡儿童末次牙科就诊主要原因分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=130.911,P<0.01),城区儿童因定期牙科检查及预防性措施到牙科就诊的比例高于乡村儿童。仅有7.66%的儿童选择请牙科医生治疗应对牙龈(牙床)出血;采取不理会态度应对牙疼,认为挺一挺就过去了的儿童占42.13%。结论在继续大力推动窝沟封闭预防龋齿治疗措施的同时,应加大氟化物防龋的宣传力度,加强学生、学生家长及教师的口腔保健知识宣传,工作重点应放在农村地区。
Objective To understand the free fissure sealant project of six-year-old children aged from 12 to 12 years in Guangzhou City for the purpose of providing information support for the development of oral health focus. Methods In September 2014, a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the oral health behaviors among 19 071 grade 5 and 6 students in 149 elementary schools in 12 districts (counties) in Guangzhou. Results 60.3% of children brushed their teeth twice or more daily, 33.2% of children reported having fluoride toothpaste, among which 44.73% were using fluoride toothpaste, 27.11% used floss, 71.50% of children received Fissure ditch closure to prevent dental caries treatment; 30.97% of children visited dentists in the past year. Children in urban areas brush their teeth twice or more daily, using dental floss and receiving pit and fissure sealants. The reported rate of visits to dentists in the past year was higher than that of rural children. The reported rate of fluoride toothpaste among rural children was higher than that of urban children (P < 0.01). The distribution of the main causes of the last dental visit among urban and rural children was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 130.911, P <0.01). The rate of dental visits to dentists in urban areas was higher than that of rural children. Only 7.66% of children chose to have their dentist treated to deal with the gums bleeding. Taking a disregard of the attitude towards toothache, 42.13% thought it very easy to pass. Conclusion While continuing to vigorously promote pit and fissure sealant in the treatment of dental caries, efforts should be made to promote the promotion of fluoride caries prevention and to promote oral health knowledge among students, parents and teachers. The emphasis should be on rural areas.