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张之洞(1837-1909年),直隶南皮人,字孝达,号香涛,中年以后自号壶公,又号无竞居士,晚年则号抱冰老人。他举咸丰壬子乡试第一、同治癸亥一甲第三进士及第,其后抚晋督粤,二权两江,三督湖广。光绪三十三年(1907年)七月,受体仁阁大学士、军机大臣等职。宣统元年(1909年)死后谥文襄,追赠太保,入祀贤良祠。张之洞是中国近代史上重要的人物之一,他是晚清实行“洋务运动”和“新政”的地方实力派大员。在清廷于光绪二十七年(1901年)实行“新政”后,翌年张之洞创办近代湖北警察,正如他在给张彪的信件中所说的“须知警察为推广新政之根基,责任所关,极为重要。”由此可见,张之洞希望警政的推广运用,能给“山雨欲来风满楼”的晚清政府打下一剂“强心针”。
Zhang Zhidong (1837-1909), Chihli Nanbali, the word filial piety, number Xiang Tao, since middle age since pot pot, also known as unscrupulous layman, old age number hold ice old man. He cited Xianfeng Renzi test first, Tongzhi Guihai a third Jinshi and first, followed by the governor of Guangdong, two rights two rivers, three Governor Huguang. Thirty-three years Guangxu (1907) in July, Recipient Ren Ge University, military minister and other staff. Xuantong first year (1909) after the death of Wen-hsiang, chasing the CPIC, into worship Xian Temple. Zhang Zhidong is one of the most important figures in modern Chinese history. He is a member of the local power faction who practiced the “Westernization Movement” and “New Deal” in the late Qing Dynasty. After the Qing government implemented the “New Deal” in twenty-seven years (1901) of the Qing dynasty, Zhang Zhidong founded the modern Hubei police the following year. As he said in his letter to Zhang Biao, “It is imperative that the police be the foundation for the promotion of the New Deal. It is clear that Chang Chih-tung hopes that popularization and application of policing will give a ”boost" to the government of the government of the late Qing dynasty.