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目的探讨1985-2010年宁夏回族7~18岁中小学生速度素质与耐力素质动态变化趋势,为学校体育工作提供科学依据。方法利用1985-2010年全国学生体质调查资料,对宁夏回族7~18岁中、小学生50m跑、7~12岁男女生50m×8往返跑、13~18岁男生1 000m跑及女生800m跑数据进行分析比较。结果 1985-2010年的25年间,宁夏回族7~18岁男、女生50m跑成绩分别下降0.006s、0.24s,2005年成绩尚高于1985年,2010年已低于1985年;耐力跑成绩下降明显,7~12岁男、女生50m×8成绩分别下降7.76s、6.68s(P<0.01),13~18岁男生1 000m跑成绩下降16.38s(P<0.01),女生800m跑成绩下降15.45s(P<0.01)。1985-1991年间,城男、乡男、城女、乡女学生50m跑、耐力跑成绩显著提高(P<0.05),1991-2010年间,中小学生50m跑、耐力跑成绩呈下降趋势;12岁50m跑城市学生成绩高于乡村,50m×8往返跑乡村学生成绩高于城市,17岁800m、1 000m跑乡村学生成绩高于城市。结论 25年间,宁夏回族中小学生速度素质与耐力素质不容乐观,需采取全面有效的措施促进学生体质健康水平的提高。
Objective To explore the dynamic changes of speed and endurance quality of primary and middle school students of 7-18 years old from 1985 to 2010 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and to provide a scientific basis for school physical education. Methods According to the national physical survey data from 1985 to 2010, 50m × 8 male and female students from 7 to 18 years of middle school and primary school aged from 7 to 18 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and 50m × 8 male and female students from 7 to 12 years old were enrolled in this study. For analysis and comparison. Results In the 25 years from 1985 to 2010, the scores of male and female students aged 7-18 years in Ningxia decreased by 0.006s and 0.24s, respectively, and the scores in 2005 were still higher than those in 1985 and 2010 respectively. The results of endurance run were decreased Obviously, the 50m × 8 scores of boys and girls 7 ~ 12 years old decreased by 7.76s and 6.68s respectively (P <0.01), while those of boys aged 13 ~ 18 decreased by 16.38s (P0.01) s (P <0.01). Between 1985 and 1991, the male and female male, female female and urban female students in 50m run and endurance run significantly increased (P <0.05). From 1991 to 2010, the endurance performance of primary and middle school students tended to decrease. The age of 12 50m running city students score higher than the rural areas, 50m × 8 round-trip running rural students higher grades than the city, 17-year-old 800m, 1000m running rural students score higher than the city. Conclusion 25 years, primary and secondary school students in Ningxia Hui speed and quality of endurance is not optimistic, we must take comprehensive and effective measures to promote the improvement of physical fitness of students.