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社会保障制度是国家通过立法对国民收入进行再分配,对社会成员的基本生活权利给予保障的社会安全制度。在现代市场经济中,社会保障制度是不可或缺的一种社会体系或一种社会制度,社会保障制度主要由社会保险、社会福利、社会救助和社会优抚等方面组成。而所有这一切,进城农民工要想拥有却是极其的艰难。在人们的思维里,农民依靠的是土地,土地已经给了他们社会保障的来源。现实情况是:受城乡二元户籍管理制度的影响,国家社会保障政策目前只覆盖到城市职工,对其采取强制性社会保险政策,普遍享受养老、医疗、失业、生育和工伤五大保险,但对进城农民工的社会保障制度没有采取强制措施,社会福利、社会救助和社会优抚更是无从谈起。进城农民工时刻面临着工伤、失业、疾病等职业与生活风险,一旦风险发生,在城市里却没有社会保障可以依靠,大多数民工选择回乡克服风险。这样,城市农民工在城市无论奉献了多少年,最终还是农民,还是要回到原来的地方。
The social security system is the social security system through which the state redistributes its national income through legislation and guarantees the basic living rights of its members. In the modern market economy, the social security system is an indispensable social system or a social system. The social security system is mainly composed of social insurance, social welfare, social assistance and social special care. And all this, migrant workers into the city in order to have it is extremely difficult. In people's thinking, peasants depend on land, and land has given them the source of social security. The reality is that under the influence of the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas, the state social security policy currently covers only city workers and workers, and adopts a compulsory social insurance policy and generally enjoys the five major policies of pension, medical treatment, unemployment, childbirth and work injury, Social security system for migrant workers in cities did not take coercive measures, and social welfare, social assistance and social care were even more inconclusive. Migrant workers in cities often face employment and life risks such as work-related injuries, unemployment and diseases. Once the risks occur, they can not rely on social security in the cities. Most migrant workers choose to return to their hometown to overcome the risks. In this way, urban migrant workers in the city no matter how many years of dedication, and ultimately farmers, or to return to the original place.