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柴油机在现有的全部原动机中热效率最高,例如在船用大型发动机中,有的其有效热效率达45%以上,不久的将来,也可能出现有效热效率高达60%的小型柴油机。这样,柴油机就是最省能量的热机了,与汽油机相比,尽管CO,HC或NOx等有害排放气体较少,但是在小骄车上的普及迟迟不能进展,其原因是这种发动机具有一些缺点。即柴油机每单位体积和单位重量所输出的功率小,尚有噪声吵人,排放黑烟而且价格昂贵等缺点。因此,我们以克服柴油机的这些缺点为目标,进行了一些研究,本文对具体实现低NOx、低噪声、低排烟以及高效率的柴油机有关的所需燃料和燃烧速率曲线提出二、三个方案。
Diesel engines have the highest thermal efficiency among all existing prime movers, for example, some of the large marine engines have effective thermal efficiencies of over 45% and in the near future may also have small diesel engines with effective thermal efficiencies of up to 60%. In this way, the diesel engine is the most energy-efficient heat engine. Compared with the gasoline engine, although there are fewer harmful exhaust gases such as CO, HC or NOx, the popularity of small-sized cars has not been able to be improved due to the fact that this engine has some Disadvantages. That is, the power output of diesel engine per unit volume and unit weight is small, there are noisy noisy, black smoke emissions and expensive shortcomings. Therefore, we have done some research aimed at overcoming these shortcomings of diesel engines. In this paper, we propose two or three schemes for the required fuel and combustion rate curves related to low NOx, low noise, low exhaust and high efficiency diesel engines .