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株高是油菜重要的株型改良性状之一,与油菜的产量、抗倒伏能力和机械收获适应性紧密相关。本研究利用株高性状差异较大的半矮秆新种质10D130和常规品种中双11号进行杂交,构建6世代遗传分析群体(P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B2),以主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对该组合株高进行遗传分析。结果表明:10D130×中双11号组合株高受到1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制(D-0模型)。其中,株高性状加性效应值为-8.58,显性效应值为7.44。在B1、B2和F23个分离世代群体中主基因遗传率分别为23.52%、0.91%和17.81%,多基因遗传率分别为30.05%、68.05%和39.35%。10D130半矮秆遗传分析表明在该材料的运用上不仅要考虑主基因的作用、还要考虑多基因与环境对株高性状的影响。
Plant height is one of the important plant type improvement traits in rapeseed, which is closely related to rape yield, lodging resistance and mechanical harvest adaptability. In this study, a 6-generation genetic analysis population (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1, B2) was constructed by crossing a new semi-dwarf new germplasm 10D130 with different traits of plant height and Zhonglian 11, + Polygene mixed genetic model of the combination of plant height for genetic analysis. The results showed that the plant height of 10D130 × Zhongshuang 11 was controlled by one pair of additive - dominant major gene + additive - dominance - epistatic polygene (D-0 model). Among them, the additive effect of plant height trait was -8.58 and the dominant effect was 7.44. The heritabilities of major genes were 23.52%, 0.91% and 17.81% respectively in B1, B2 and F23 segregation generations. The heritabilities of polygene were 30.05%, 68.05% and 39.35% respectively. The semi-dwarf genetic analysis of 10D130 indicated that the application of this material should not only consider the role of major genes, but also consider the effects of multiple genes and environments on plant height traits.