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[目的]监测西安市大骨节病病区大骨节病(KBD)消长趋势和硒盐食用情况,掌握大骨节病病情现状,为制定防治决策提供科学依据。[方法]按照监测方案选择病区7~12岁儿童进行临床和X线检查;随机采病区居民用户盐样,检测盐硒含量。[结果]临床共监测儿童3955人,检出大骨节病早期及I度以上大骨节病患者各222例和17例,临床检出率分别为5.61和0.43。X线共拍片2248人,检出阳性38例,检出率1.69。居民用户硒盐合格率从2001年的52.5上升到2008年的96.8。[结论]西安市大骨节病病情呈下降趋势,硒盐供应情况良好。应该进一步加大监测力度,建立防治大骨节病的长效机制。
[Objective] To monitor the growth and decline of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and the consumption of selenium salt in Kashin-Beck disease ward in Xi’an and to master the current status of Kashin-Beck disease and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control decisions. [Methods] According to the monitoring plan, children aged 7 ~ 12 years old were selected for clinical and X-ray examination. Salt samples of residents were randomly collected from diseased area to detect the content of salt and selenium. [Results] A total of 3,955 children were monitored in the clinic, 222 cases of Kashin-Beck disease and 17 cases of Kashin-Beck disease were detected in the early stage of Kashin-Beck disease and above I degree. The clinical detection rates were 5.61 and 0.43 respectively. A total of 2248 patients with X-ray film were detected positive in 38 cases, the detection rate of 1.69. The selenium salt pass rate of residents increased from 52.5 in 2001 to 96.8 in 2008. [Conclusion] Kashin-Beck disease in Xi’an showed a decreasing trend, and the supply of selenium salt was in good condition. Monitoring efforts should be further strengthened to establish a long-term mechanism to prevent and treat Kashin-Beck disease.