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漕运水手是清代漕粮运输的主力军,多为运河沿岸州县通过地缘、血缘关系招募游民到漕运水手队伍中来。以往学者多着眼于漕运水手不法行为的性质及对社会之危害性的研究。本文以中国第一历史档案馆所藏宫中朱批奏折、军机处录副奏折中记载的漕运水手不法案件为基础,以漕运水手本身环境需求为出发点,探究引发此类案件发生的内在因素,指出此类不法行为的发生原因,揭示了漕运水手对经济待遇的需求与国家政策取向之间的矛盾。
Water transport sailors are the main force of grain transportation in the Qing Dynasty, mostly for the coastal states and counties through the geography, blood relationship to recruit tourists to the water tanker team. In the past, scholars mainly focused on the nature of the illegal operation of water transport sailors and their research on the harmfulness of society. Based on the case of illegal shipping of water carriers recorded in the archives of the First Historical Archives of China held in the palace of Zang, and on the basis of the environmental requirements of the watercress, this paper explores the internal factors that lead to such cases and points out The reasons for the occurrence of such unlawful acts reveal the contradiction between the demand of watercoursemen for economic treatment and the orientation of national policies.