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空间冷屏是一种包裹在高速飞行器外的相变制冷装置,旨在提高近地高速飞行器的突防能力,防止其在近地轨道飞行时被红外探测器发现和拦截。为了实现弹道导弹在飞行中段的红外隐身效果,采用深冷介质相变制冷技术,建立了空间冷屏样机。实验研究了冷屏表面温度分布及质量变化,并提出了定量分析的经验模型。结果表明:该空间冷屏样机可使弹道导弹表面温度在飞行中段低于100 K,30 min内使表面红外辐射强度低于0.15 W/m2,从而满足低温红外辐射特性要求。
Space cold screen is a kind of phase change cooling device wrapped outside the high-speed aircraft, designed to improve the penetration ability of the near-Earth high-speed aircraft to prevent it from being detected and intercepted by the infrared detector when it is flying in near-Earth orbit. In order to realize the infrared stealthy effect of ballistic missile in mid-flight, a cryogenic medium phase-change refrigeration technology was used to establish a space cold-screen prototype. Experimental study of the cold screen surface temperature distribution and quality changes, and proposed empirical analysis of quantitative models. The results show that the space-cooled prototype can make the surface temperature of ballistic missiles lower than 100 K in the mid-flight and make the surface infrared radiation intensity lower than 0.15 W / m2 within 30 min, so as to meet the requirement of low-temperature infrared radiation.