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对环境噪声的评价和标准的研究,是一个不断认识、不断深化的过程。由于噪声是指无限频谱杂乱无章的声音,因此它具有声波的一切物理属性,而它对人体的影响往往凭借主观感觉,这就包含许多复杂的生理和心理过程。因此,对噪声的评价和标准的确定是非常复杂的问题,是噪声控制工程学和人体工程学的研究内容。然而,目前国际上普遍认为用接近人耳响应的A声压级来评价噪声是最简单,而且与繁杂的倍频带声压级比较具有同样的效果。
The evaluation of environmental noise and the study of standards are a process of constant awareness and deepening. Because noise refers to the unstructured sound of infinite spectrum, it has all the physical properties of sound waves, and its impact on the human body is often subjective, which involves many complex physiological and psychological processes. Therefore, the evaluation of noise and the determination of standards are very complex issues and are the research content of noise control engineering and ergonomics. However, at present, it is generally believed that it is the simplest to evaluate noise with an A sound pressure level close to that of the human ear, and it has the same effect as the complicated octave band sound pressure level.