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肝细胞癌(HCC)是世界最主要的恶性肿瘤类型之一,其中近50%的患者集中在中国。HCC属于男性高发癌症,流行病学数据显示,我国HCC发病率男女比例为2∶1~5∶1。目前发现可能导致HCC性别差异性的危险因素包括:乙型肝炎病毒感染和突变、免疫遗传易感性以及性激素受体作用。相关研究不仅有助于阐明HCC进化发育的具体生物学过程,更揭示了HCC发生和预后与性别差异相关的生物学标志,对完善HCC防控策略具有重要意义。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most important malignant tumor types in the world, with nearly 50% of the patients being concentrated in China. HCC belongs to men with high incidence of cancer, epidemiological data show that the incidence of HCC in China male to female ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 1. The current risk factors that have been found to cause gender differences in HCC include: Hepatitis B virus infections and mutations, immune genetic predisposition, and sex hormone receptor effects. Relevant researches not only help elucidate the biological process of evolution and development of HCC, but also reveal the biological markers related to the occurrence and prognosis of HCC and gender differences, which is of great significance to improve the prevention and control strategies of HCC.