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[目的]了解济南市职业中毒的发病情况,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学的方法,对2002～2011年济南市职业中毒病例进行分析。[结果]2002～2011年济南市共报告职业中毒210例,各年分别报告20、20、30、18、45、40、15、5、12和5例。其中急性职业中毒94例,前3位为急性刺激性气体中毒39例、有机氟中毒23例、急性一氧化碳中毒12例;慢性职业中毒116例,前3位包括慢性苯中毒42例、锰中毒42例、汽油中毒19例。急性职业中毒中的行业分布前3位是化学原料及化学品制造业,占40.43%;石油加工业,占19.15%;其他行业占17.02%;慢性职业中毒的行业分布主要为通用、专业设备制造业,占35.34%,石油加工业占13.79%;化学原料及化学品制造业占12.93%。引起职业中毒的毒物以苯系物、锰及其化合物、刺激性气体、有机氟及溶剂汽油为主,分别占20.95%、20.00%、18.37%、10.95%和10.95%。210例职业中毒者发病主要以男性为主,占73.81%。男性高发年龄为30～54岁,123例(占79.35%),女性高发年龄为30～49岁52例(占94.55%)。职业中毒发病工龄中位数为10年。[结论]济南市职业中毒比较严重,主要是慢性中毒。
[Objective] To understand the incidence of occupational poisoning in Ji’nan city and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. [Methods] The epidemiological method was used to describe the cases of occupational poisoning in Jinan from 2002 to 2011. [Results] A total of 210 cases of occupational poisoning were reported in Jinan City from 2002 to 2011, reporting 20, 20, 30, 18, 45, 40, 15, 5, 12 and 5 cases respectively in each year. Including 94 cases of acute occupational poisoning, the first three cases of acute irritant gas poisoning in 39 cases, 23 cases of organ fluorosis, acute carbon monoxide poisoning in 12 cases; chronic occupational poisoning in 116 cases, the first three including chronic benzene poisoning in 42 cases, manganese poisoning 42 For example, 19 cases of gasoline poisoning. Industry distribution in acute occupational poisoning The top three are chemical raw materials and chemical manufacturing, accounting for 40.43%; petroleum processing industry, accounting for 19.15%; other industries accounted for 17.02%; the distribution of chronic occupational poisoning is mainly for general and specialized equipment manufacturing Industry, accounting for 35.34%, oil processing industry accounted for 13.79%; chemical raw materials and chemicals manufacturing industry accounted for 12.93%. The toxicants causing occupational poisoning are mainly benzene, manganese and their compounds, irritating gases, organic fluorine and solvent gasoline, accounting for 20.95%, 20.00%, 18.37%, 10.95% and 10.95% respectively. The incidence of 210 cases of occupational poisoning mainly male, accounting for 73.81%. The prevalence of males was 30 to 54 years old, 123 cases (79.35%), and the female age was 30 years old to 49 years old (94.55%). The median length of occupational poisoning is 10 years. [Conclusion] Occupational poisoning in Jinan City is more serious, mainly chronic poisoning.